|
A protein kinase inhibitor is a type of enzyme inhibitor that blocks the action of one or more protein kinases. Protein kinases are enzymes that add a phosphate (PO4) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphate groups can turn a protein off. The phosphate groups are usually added to the serine, threonine, or tyrosine amino acid on the protein. Hence, protein kinase inhibitors can be subdivided or characterised by the amino acids whose phosphorylation is inhibited: most kinases act on both serine and threonine, the tyrosine kinases act on tyrosine, and a number (dual-specificity kinases) act on all three. There are also protein kinases that phosphorylate other amino acids, including histidine kinases that phosphorylate histidine residues. Phosphorylation is a necessary step in some cancers and inflammatory diseases. Inhibiting the protein kinases, and therefore the phosphorylation, can treat these diseases. Therefore, protein kinase inhibitors are used as drugs. Narrow spectrum kinase inhibitors are protein kinase inhibitors which are applicable to a specific group of kinases only; selective kinase inhibitors are applicable to a small number of kinases or to only one specific kinase. ==Clinical use== Kinase inhibitors such as dasatinib are often used in the treatment of cancer and inflammation. Some of the kinase inhibitors used in treating cancer are inhibitors of tyrosine kinases. The effectiveness of kinase inhibitors on various cancers can vary from patient to patient. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Protein kinase inhibitor」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|